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IB Curriculum Changes 2027 and 2028: Which Ones Affect Your Child

2027 與 2028 年 IB 課程改革:哪些會影響您的孩子
For
Families with a student in or entering the IB Diploma Programme
Reading time
14 minutes
Last updated
September 2026
The Reframe

The IB does not change all at once. It changes one course at a time, and the year on the headline is rarely the year that matters to your child.

A parent who searches for IB changes in 2027 will find History, because History is the redesign teachers are writing about. History is not a 2027 change. It is first taught from August 2026 and first assessed in May 2028. The same parent will find pages about new IB Mathematics, which is a 2029 change. They will find little about Computer Science, Design Technology, and Visual Arts, all three of which are 2027 changes. The year in the headline and the year in the exam hall are usually different, and the gap is where families lose the thread.

The cause is structural rather than careless. The IB reviews every Diploma course on a seven-year cycle, one subject at a time, so at any moment several courses sit at different points in that cycle. The IB publishes its own index of these changes and organizes it by the year a course is first taught, not by the year it is first examined. That is the right organizing principle for a school planning its timetable. It is the wrong one for a parent asking whether a change reaches their child, because a family thinks in terms of the exam their child will sit.

Converting between the two is the whole task, and it is simpler than it looks. Find the month your child began the Diploma. A student who started in August 2025 is in the first cohort for the new Extended Essay and the new Psychology, and sits both in May 2027. A student who started in August 2026 takes the new History and sits it in May 2028.

That single fact answers most of what a family needs. The rest of this guide sets out what is in each wave and what the Extended Essay redesign did. It also covers what is not changing at all, and why so much of what a parent finds online describes courses that no longer exist.

What We See
Students preparing for the essay their older sibling wrote.

Harland teaches IB students across the Diploma, and the Extended Essay is one of the pieces of work families most often bring to us. Since the new guide took effect, the pattern has been consistent enough to name.

A student arrives with a plan built from the outgoing course. They have budgeted effort for presentation and formatting, which used to carry four marks of its own and now carries none separately. They are preparing three staged reflections for a form that has been replaced by one statement. They have read a preparation site, or inherited advice from a sibling two years ahead, and neither has caught up.

The correction is not difficult once the student sees the mark table. What is difficult is knowing to look. A guide that changed in February 2025 does not announce itself to a student in Grade 12, and a school's own materials are not always rewritten in the first year. Families closest to the change are often the last to hear that anything moved, because the change arrived quietly and the internet kept describing the old version.

At a Glance

The figures that frame the change

Every figure below comes from the IB's own materials: its published curriculum-update index, its subject briefs, and the subject guides themselves. Where the IB has not published something, this guide says so rather than filling the gap.

First assessment May 2027
5 courses
The Extended Essay, Psychology, Computer Science, Design Technology, and Visual Arts, all first taught from August 2025
First assessment May 2028
History alone
The only Diploma subject the IB lists in this band, first taught from August 2026
Extended Essay total marks
34 to 30
Presentation, a standalone four-mark criterion in the outgoing guide, no longer exists on its own
Review cycle
7 years
Every Diploma course is reviewed on a seven-year teaching cycle, which is why changes arrive staggered rather than together
Highest-weighted EE criterion
8 of 30
Discussion and evaluation, roughly 27 percent of the essay, where the top band asks for limitations explained rather than listed
EE reflection
500 words
One statement on the new Reflection and Progress Form, replacing three staged reflections on the old RPPF
Theory of Knowledge
Unchanged
The 2022 guide remains in force. Half the Diploma core is redesigned and half is not
Grade boundaries, first session
Not published
The IB sets boundaries after each session, so a first cohort has no prior boundary to plan against
Which Wave, Which Child

The changes, sorted by the exam your child will sit

The IB's own index sorts these by the year a course is first taught. Sorted below by first assessment instead, with the cohort each wave reaches. Find the August your child began or will begin the Diploma, and read across.

Diploma changes by first assessment
Started the Diploma in August 2025, your child is in the first cohort of the new Extended Essay. Started in August 2026, they are in the first cohort of the new History. The two are different changes.
May 2027 First taught August 2025 Grade 12 now, sitting exams this school year
Extended Essay
Diploma core
Redesigned assessment: 30 marks instead of 34, Presentation removed as a standalone criterion, evaluation now the heaviest, one 500-word reflective statement, and two research pathways in place of World Studies.
Psychology
Group 3, Individuals and Societies
Restructured around three approaches plus research methodology, framed by six concepts and four contexts. The internal assessment becomes a research proposal instead of an experimental study, and SL and HL now write the same task.
Computer Science
Group 4, Sciences
A new guide in the same band as the Extended Essay and Psychology, and the one receiving the least attention of the three.
Design Technology
Group 4, Sciences
A new guide, in the same band and on the same timetable.
Visual Arts
Group 6, The Arts
The only Group 6 subject in this wave.
May 2028 First taught August 2026 Grade 11 now, starting the Diploma this year
History
Group 3, Individuals and Societies
The redesign most written about, and the one most often misfiled as a 2027 change. Organized around four concepts, cause and consequence, continuity and change, perspectives, and significance. Prescribed subjects become paired case studies, world history topics become global themes, and depth studies become regional in-depth topics at HL.
May 2029 First taught August 2027 Grade 10 now, two years from the Diploma
Mathematics
Both courses: Analysis and Approaches, Applications and Interpretation
The change most often misread as imminent. A student sitting Mathematics in 2027 or 2028 is on the current course. The IB has published detail already, including a reduction in standard level paper marks.
Language B and Language ab initio
Group 2, Language Acquisition
Both language acquisition courses move together.
Dance, and Religion and Society
Group 6 and Group 3
The last two in this wave, one from each of Groups 6 and 3.
Source: the IB's published curriculum-update index and its per-subject update pages, together with the subject briefs and guides for the Extended Essay, Psychology, and History. Accessed September 2026. The IB index is organized by first teaching year, and the ordering here is by first assessment. The IB does not print a per-subject last examination under the outgoing guide, so this guide does not state one. November sessions run as the southern-hemisphere alternative to May and follow the same guides.
The Extended Essay

Where the marks went

The clearest way to see what a redesign does is to watch the marks move. The essay lost four marks in total, one criterion entirely, and shifted its center of gravity. Both bars are drawn to the same scale, so the shorter one is the new guide's smaller total of 30 marks against the outgoing 34.

Extended Essay assessment criteria, before and after
Presentation is gone. Evaluation is now the heaviest criterion in the essay.
Outgoing guide
Final examinations November 2026 · 34 marks
A Focus and method 6
B Knowledge and understanding 6
C Critical thinking 12
D Presentation 4
E Engagement 6
New guide
First assessment May 2027 · 30 marks · published February 2025
A Framework for the essay 6
B Knowledge and understanding 6
C Analysis and line of argument 6
D Discussion and evaluation 8
E Reflection 4
Criterion D is now worth roughly 27 percent of the essay, the largest single share. Its top band asks for strengths and limitations to be explained, not listed.
Sources: the IB's Extended Essay updates page and the Extended essay guide, first assessment 2027, published February 2025, alongside the outgoing guide's published criteria. Both bars share one scale, so the new guide's bar is shorter by the four marks the essay lost. Colors mark position in each list, not a fixed meaning, since the criteria are not equivalents across the two guides.
What the Redesign Rewards

Away from compliance, toward judgment

Three changes in that table are worth reading together, because they point the same way.

Presentation disappeared as a criterion. In the outgoing essay a student could bank four marks by being tidy: consistent citations, a contents page, a clean layout. Those conventions still matter and are now folded into the opening criterion, but they no longer carry a prize of their own. Four marks that rewarded diligence have been redistributed to marks that reward thinking.

The twelve-mark Critical thinking criterion split, and the larger half went to evaluation. Discussion and evaluation now carries eight of thirty marks, the single heaviest criterion, and its ladder runs from stated to described to explained. The top band requires a student to explain the strengths and limitations of their own findings. A student who lists limitations in a closing paragraph, which is what most students do, sits below the top band by construction.

Reflection shrank and simplified. Six marks became four, and the three-part Reflections on Planning and Progress Form became the Reflection and Progress Form carrying a single statement of no more than 500 words. Criterion E is applied to that statement alone. Three supervision sessions remain, the last of them the viva voce.

Taken together, the redesign moves credit away from process narration and toward judgment about the work. That reading is ours rather than the IB's. The IB's own published rationale is narrower, stating that the criteria were redesigned to assess student performance more reliably and consistently than their predecessors did. The mark allocations support the wider reading, and a family can test it against the guide.

Two things did not change, and both matter. The essay is still 4,000 words, and the guide's rule on exceeding that limit is blunt: examiners are instructed not to read or assess material beyond the limit. A student whose evaluation sits in the last 300 words of a 4,300-word essay loses the marks that evaluation would have earned, and evaluation is now the heaviest criterion.

The World Studies essay has been replaced by two named pathways, subject-focused and interdisciplinary, the second integrating the lenses of two Diploma subjects. On which subject to choose, the guide is direct. No particular background is formally required, but it strongly recommends that students research in a subject they are currently studying in the Diploma, so they bring the subject knowledge the task needs. Our full guide to the Extended Essay works through the criteria in detail.

The Other Redesigns

Psychology now, History next

Psychology sits in the same 2027 wave as the Extended Essay, and its change is the more fundamental of the two. The course is restructured around three approaches, biological, cognitive, and sociocultural, plus research methodology, framed by six concepts and four contexts, with health and well-being replacing what used to be abnormal psychology. At SL the two papers carry 35 percent each and the internal assessment 30. At HL the papers carry 25 percent each, a third paper on the interpretation and analysis of research data carries 30, and the internal assessment 20.

The internal assessment is where the course changed character. Students used to run a small experiment, a replication of a published study, and write it up. They now design one. The task is a research proposal investigating a population of interest using one of the research methods practised in class, and SL and HL write the same task against the same criteria out of 24 marks.

A student who was told by an older sibling to think about participants and consent forms is preparing for a task that no longer exists in that form. The IB does not state a word limit for the proposal on its public pages, and figures circulating online are not the IB's, so this guide does not print one.

History is first taught from August 2026 and first assessed in May 2028, which makes it the change for students starting the Diploma now, not finishing it. The course is organized around four concepts: cause and consequence, continuity and change, perspectives, and significance. The familiar structures are renamed and reshaped. Prescribed subjects become paired case studies built around source skills, world history topics become global themes, and depth studies become regional in-depth topics for HL students, who continue to sit a regional third paper. Assessment weightings shift too, and the internal assessment's reflection section is removed.

A caution on History specifically. It is the most written-about of these redesigns, and much of that writing paraphrases instead of quoting. Several widely repeated descriptions use terminology the IB does not use. The terms above are the IB's own, taken from its History updates page and subject brief.

What Is Not Changing

Half the core stays exactly where it is

A redesign of one part of the Diploma tells a family nothing about the rest. Three things a parent might reasonably assume have changed, and have not.

Unchanged as of September 2026
Theory of Knowledge
The current guide has first assessment 2022 and remains in force, with the exhibition and the 1,600-word essay as they were. The IB has published no change notice and no review date. Because the Extended Essay and TOK are usually spoken of together as the core, a change to one is easily read as a change to both. Our guide to Theory of Knowledge describes the course that is still current.
Creativity, Activity, Service
The IB's curriculum-update index carries no Diploma entry for CAS and publishes no review date for it. The third strand of the core is where it was.
The shape of the Diploma itself
Six subjects across the groups, three at higher level, the core alongside, and the 45-point scale. Individual courses are being redesigned. The structure a family chooses subjects within is not.
The Extended Essay word limit
Still 4,000 words, and still enforced by the instruction to examiners not to assess beyond it. The marks moved. The length did not.
Why the Internet Is Wrong About This

A current-looking page describing a retired course

A family checking any of this will meet a specific hazard, and it is worth naming because it will affect what they find rather than only what we found.

Preparation sites dominate these search results, and many describe syllabuses that have been retired. Pages updated this year still describe the Extended Essay as a 34-mark essay with a three-part reflection form. Pages about IB Psychology still describe the experimental-study internal assessment. The recency of a page tells a reader nothing about the currency of the syllabus it describes, because the page was refreshed without being rechecked.

Nor does agreement help. Sources of this kind copy one another, so five pages saying the same wrong thing is one error repeated five times, not five confirmations. The test that works is different: does the claim appear in a document the IB published, and does that document name the first assessment year it applies to?

A live example is worth more than the principle. Several preparation sites currently describe changes to IB Biology for 2028, including a new data booklet. Those claims do not appear on the IB's curriculum-update index, which lists History alone in the 2028 band. That does not make them false, since the IB publishes some material through channels a parent cannot see. It does mean a family should not plan around them, and should ask the school's IB coordinator instead.

The rule we followed in writing this guide is the one we would suggest to any family. Every number here traces to a document the IB published. Where a figure exists only on third-party pages, this guide either attributes it or leaves it out.

Common Situations

What each change means for a particular student

The situations we hear most often from IB families, with the first thing to check in each. They are starting points for a conversation with the school's IB coordinator, not recommendations.

My child is in Grade 12 and writing an Extended Essay now.
They are in the first cohort of the new guide and sit it in May 2027. Check that their working materials match the 30-mark criteria, not the 34-mark set. The quickest test: if their plan mentions presentation marks or three staged reflections, it was built on the outgoing guide. Ask the supervisor which guide the school's own EE handbook was written against.
My child starts the Diploma in August and wants to take History.
They will take the redesigned course and sit it in May 2028. Expect fewer topics covered in more depth, organized around the four concepts. Since their teachers are also teaching it for the first time, ask what materials the department is using and whether the school has seen the IB's specimen assessment materials, which are published to schools rather than to families.
We heard IB Mathematics is changing.
It is, in 2029, which reaches a student currently in Grade 10 or below. If your child is already in the Diploma, they are on the current course and will sit it. The confusion is worth resolving early, because subject choices made now on the assumption of a new syllabus are being made against the wrong one.
My child takes Psychology and the internal assessment sounds different.
It is different. The task is now a research proposal instead of an experimental report, and SL and HL write the same one. A student expecting to run participants and analyze results is preparing for the outgoing task. Ask the teacher for the current internal assessment criteria and for the school's timeline, since the shift from doing research to designing it changes what preparation looks like.
Should we worry about being the first cohort?
Be aware rather than worried. The IB sets grade boundaries after each session, not before, so a first cohort has no prior boundary to plan against, and predicted grades built on the outgoing course's boundaries are unreliable. What a student controls is meeting the published criteria of the guide they are sitting. That is the same work in any year.
A preparation site says something different from this guide.
Look for the first assessment year the page names. A page that does not name one is describing no particular course. The IB publishes its subject guides and curriculum updates openly, and ten minutes with the document settles most disagreements of this kind.
Common Questions

The questions IB families ask

Which IB subjects are changing for 2027?
Five items have first assessment in May 2027, all first taught from August 2025: the Extended Essay, Psychology, Computer Science, Design Technology, and Visual Arts. History is a separate change, first taught from August 2026 with first assessment in May 2028. A further group, including both Mathematics courses, Language B, Language ab initio, Dance, and Religion and Society, is first taught from August 2027 with first assessment in May 2029.
Is Theory of Knowledge changing?
No. The current Theory of Knowledge guide has first assessment 2022 and remains in force, with the exhibition and the 1,600-word essay unchanged. The IB has published no change notice and no review date for TOK. Half the Diploma core is being redesigned and half is not, so a family should not assume that a change to the Extended Essay implies a change to TOK.
What changed in the IB Extended Essay for 2027?
The essay is now marked out of 30 rather than 34. Presentation, previously a four-mark criterion of its own, no longer exists separately. The twelve-mark Critical thinking criterion was split, and the larger half went to Discussion and evaluation, now eight marks and the highest-weighted criterion in the essay. Reflection fell from six marks to four and is judged on a single statement of no more than 500 words on the new Reflection and Progress Form. The 4,000-word limit is unchanged, and the World Studies essay has been replaced by two pathways, subject-focused and interdisciplinary.
Does my child's IB course depend on when they started the Diploma?
Yes. A student who began the Diploma in August 2025 is in the first cohort for the new Extended Essay and the new Psychology course, and sits them in May 2027. A student who began in August 2026 takes the new History course, first assessed in May 2028, and is simply on the already-current guides for the Extended Essay and Psychology. The IB organizes its own curriculum index by first teaching year, not by examination year, which is why the question is best answered from the month your child started the Diploma.
Will the first cohort face unknown grade boundaries?
Yes. The IB sets grade boundaries after each examination session at its grade award meetings, combining statistical evidence with examiner judgment, and does not publish them in advance. Students sitting a redesigned course in its first session have no prior boundary to plan against, and predicted grades built on the outgoing course's boundaries are unreliable for those subjects.
What the Evidence Will and Will Not Bear

Where this guide is firm, and where it is not

What the sources support

The cohort table is the IB's own index, reordered by first assessment. Every subject, group, and date in it comes from the IB's curriculum-update pages or the subject briefs.

The Extended Essay criteria and marks, both guides, come from the IB's published criteria and the guide itself. The 4,000-word rule and the instruction to examiners are the guide's own wording.

The Psychology structure and weightings come from the IB's Psychology guide and its update page. The History terminology is the IB's, not a paraphrase of it.

What they do not

The IB does not publish a per-subject last examination under an outgoing guide, so this guide names none. Families needing that date should ask their IB coordinator.

The word limit for the new Psychology internal assessment is not on the IB's public pages. Figures circulate online. None is quoted here.

The reading that the Extended Essay redesign moves credit from compliance toward judgment is ours. The IB's published rationale is narrower, and we say so where the reading appears.

Why We Can Write This Honestly
We teach the essay. We do not mark it, and we are not the IB.

Harland is a 1-on-1 tutoring academy in Taipei. We support IB students through the Extended Essay, internal assessments, and subject work, so we have a commercial interest in families understanding what these assessments now ask. We are not an IB World School, we do not deliver the Diploma, and nothing here is an official interpretation. The IB's guides are the authority, and where this guide and a guide disagree, the guide is right.

That position is also what makes the piece possible. We have no course materials to defend and no reason to describe the outgoing essay as still current. A school rewriting a handbook has more work to do than we do, and a preparation site with a page ranking for the old criteria has a reason to leave it alone.

What we do have is students sitting these assessments now, which is how we noticed the gap between what families believe and what the guides say. If a fact here is wrong or a date has moved, tell us and we will correct it. This guide is updated as the IB publishes.

How Harland Helps

Preparation built on the guide the student is sitting.

Harland teaches one student at a time, in Taipei and online, across the IB Diploma Programme. Our pedagogy is content-based learning. For a student inside a redesigned course, the practical value is straightforward: the work is anchored to the current criteria rather than to what worked two years ago.

01
Extended Essay supervision against the 2027 criteria.
A student working with us on the essay is taught against the criteria they will be marked on, with the weight where the marks are. That means time spent on evaluating findings and on the argument line, not on the presentation marks that no longer exist as a category.
02
The research skills the new criteria reward.
Explaining a limitation, judging what evidence will carry, and holding an argument across sources are skills that can be taught and are now worth more marks than before. They also transfer directly to the Psychology research proposal and to History's source work.
03
Subject teaching through a first-cohort year.
A first cohort has fewer past papers and no prior grade boundaries. Our subject specialists teach the current syllabus content directly, so a student's preparation does not depend on materials written for the course being replaced.

Is your child sitting one of these redesigned courses?

Our Student Coordinator speaks with IB families about where a student sits against the criteria they will be marked on. Tell us the year your child began the Diploma and which subjects they are taking.

Start the conversation
PUBLISHED 7 September 2026 · LAST UPDATED 7 September 2026 · Dates, marks, and course structures checked against the IB's published curriculum updates, subject briefs, and subject guides, September 2026.
Sources

Where these facts come from

The IB's own index of Diploma curriculum changes, organized by first teaching year. The source for every subject, group, and date in the cohort table, including the 2027, 2028, and 2029 bands. Page last updated March 2026. Accessed September 2026.
The new assessment criteria and their marks, the two research pathways replacing the World Studies essay, and the IB's stated rationale that the criteria were redesigned to assess performance more reliably and consistently. Accessed September 2026.
International Baccalaureate. Extended essay guide, first assessment 2027, and the Extended Essay subject brief
Published February 2025. The source for the 4,000-word limit and the instruction to examiners not to assess beyond it, the 500-word reflective statement on the Reflection and Progress Form, and the three supervision sessions concluding in the viva voce. The outgoing guide's 34-mark criteria come from the IB's published version of that guide. Accessed September 2026.
The approaches, concepts, and contexts, the SL and HL assessment weightings, and the internal assessment as a research proposal written to the same task and criteria at both levels. The IB does not publish a word limit for the proposal on these pages. Accessed September 2026.
First teaching August 2026 and first assessment May 2028, the four concepts, and the IB's own terminology for paired case studies, global themes, and regional in-depth topics, together with the revised assessment weightings. Accessed September 2026.
The current TOK course, first assessment 2022, with the exhibition and the 1,600-word essay, carrying no change notice. The IB's curriculum-update index carries no Diploma entry for CAS. Accessed September 2026.
First teaching August 2027 and first assessment May 2029, with the published detail on standard level paper marks. The companion page covers applications and interpretation. Accessed September 2026.
International Baccalaureate. Curriculum review cycle and assessment procedures
The seven-year teaching cycle on which every Diploma curriculum is reviewed, stated in the IB's own curriculum materials, and the setting of grade boundaries after each session at grade award meetings rather than in advance. Accessed September 2026.
Harland Education direct experience
The observations on students arriving with plans built from the outgoing guide, and on which materials tend to lag a change, are drawn from Harland's work with IB families. They are attributed as experience where they appear and are not presented as data.